Deciphering the Babble

The Deciphering the Babble series, takes a look at the most common ingredients found on the commercial pet food bags, cans and other container labels that we all struggle not only pronouncing but knowing what the heck its even doing in there. The following takes a look at these ingredients, what their purpose is and if they are an artificial or natural product. In addition it takes a look at possible health risks of these ingredients and what whole food, natural and raw options there are for providing them.

The project has taken almost a year to complete. Although there seems to be similar databases out there, we have not found one that is as extensive or as inclusive as The Nutrition Code’s. We have examined almost all the major and sub major pet food brands out there including dry, wet/canned, freeze dried and raw products. If you do not see an ingredient please contact us so we can add it!

Anything labelled in green indicates a natural product. Anything labelled in red is an artificial or synthetic product.

Agar-Agar-made from seaweed as a thickener. itchiness. not need in the diet

Amino Acid Complexes (Cobalt, Copper, Manganese etc.)-the result from from complexing a soluble metal salt with a specific amino acid. available in all meats, bone and organs

Animal Digest-a slurry broth of indeterminate parts of indeterminate animals including but not limited to goats, pigs, sheep, rats and horse that could have been dead, diseased, disabled or dying possible from restaurants, shelters, supermarkets or road kill. Mostly likely from 4 D animals. Defined species and healthy animal meats and animal organs

Apple Pectin-a highly soluble fiber that cannot be digested by cats. in combination with guar gum can diarrhea, gas, and loose stools. not needed in the diet

Ascorbic Acid-a synthetic version of Vitamin C it is a natural preservative essential for collagen formations and immune support. in excess: intestinal irritation, kidney calculi. liver, kidney, heart, fish.

Bacillus coagulant fermentation product-a probiotic that aids in digestion not needed in the diet

Beef Pizzle-Bull penis. very fatty. beef

Beef Tripe-first or second stomach of a cow or other ruminant used for it's digestive enzyme content. cow, lamb

Beta Carotene-Source of Vitamin A. In excess, death, risk of cancers. chicken, pork, egg, fish, liver, kidney, brain

Betaine Anhydrous-vitamin derived from choline. nausea, stomach upset, and diarrhea also available as a prescription drug meanting it contains active chemicals. Should not be used in animlas with kidney disease. turkey, veal, beef

Betaine Hydrochloride-vitamin like substance found in grains as well as other food to increase hydrochloric acid in the stomach. can irritate stomach ulcers and prevent them from healing. turkey, veal, beef

Betaine-an ammonium salt used to replace some or all choline chloride. nausea, stomach upset, and diarrhea also available as a prescription drug meanting it contains active chemicals. Should not be used in animals with kidney disease. turkey, veal, beef, fish, lamb

BHA-an artificial preservative also known as butylated hydroxyanisole which was identified as cancer causing by the National Institute of health and banned in many countries artificial cancer, interferes with hormone function, bioaccumulation. not needed in the diet

Bifidobacterium Lactis-a type of probiotic found in the intestines. not needed in the diet, procuded naturally in the body

Bilberry Powder-a fruit that originally was used for treating/preveting diarrhea, eye problems, poor circulation and cancer. may lower blood sugar.not needed in the diet

Biotin-a B complex that aids in producing fatty acids and glucose. eggs, liver

Blueberry Pomace-the dry or pulpy residue of material resulting after the blueberry has been pressed or extracted. may contain pesticides from being sprayed the skin. not needed in the diet

Bone Meal-bone that is cooked and ground down into a powder as a bone replacement and calcium substitute. may contain contaminants like heavy metals. bone of animal animal

Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA)-an artifical preservative also known as butylated hydroxyanisole which was identified as cancer causing by the National Institute of health and banned in many countries. cancer, interferes with hormone function, bioaccumulation. not needed in the diet

Butylated Hydroxytoluence (BHT)-preservative used to prevent oxidation and rancidicty of fats. lower doses produced increased liver weight, and decreased activity of several hepatic enzymes. In addition to liver and kidney effects, BHT applied to the skin was associated with toxic effects in lung tissue.not needed in the diet

Butyrate-food for the cells of the lining of the colon. not needed in the diet

Calcium Carbonate-a cheap source of calcium needed for bone structure, blood clotting and helps conduct nerve signals. It also is used as a preservative and for color retention. in excess other vitamin deficiencies, hip dysplasia, abrasive in toothpaste. salmon, tuna, trout, sardines

Calcium Citrate-found in calcium supplements, also used for preservation and flavor. nausea, vomiting, decreased apeitie, constipation, increased thirst, increased urination. salmon, tuna, trout, sardines

Calcium Iodate Anhydrous-source of iodine. according to MSDS hazardous if ingestedcod, tuna, turkey breast, eggs

Calcium Iodate-a combination of calcium needed for bone growth and iodine needed for thyriod function which regulates growth and development. according to MSDS hazardous if ingested. canned fishes, egg, cod, turkey

Calcium Lactate-oral health components, source of calcium. nausea, vomitting, decreased appetite, constipation, dry mouth and increase thirst, increased urination. canned fishes, egg, cod, turkey

Calcium Pantothenate-an artifically created version of Vitamin B5 needed for hormone and energy production as well as other biological processes. can cause stomach upset/irritation, diahrrea, nausea. egg yolks, fish, liver,kidney

Calcium Phosphate-a combination of calcium and phosophorus used as an anti caking as well as a source of calcium. allergic reaction, stomach upset, increased thirst and urination, lethargy aches and pain

Calcium Propionate-a chemical preservative. can irritate stomach ulcers and prevent them from healing. not needed in the diet

Carob Powder-chocolate alternative, sweetener, source of fiber and several nutrients. not needed in the diet

Carrageen-a thickening agent from seaweed. gastrointestinal problems, intestinal lesions, ulcers and cancer. not needed in the diet.

Carrot Pomace-the dry or pulpy residue of material resulting after the carrot has been pressed or extracted. may contain pesticides found on the skin of fruit/vegetable. not needed in the diet

Cassia Gum-thickening and gelling agent. reproductive concerns, absorbs moisture in the digestive tract, is a sugar, decrease is apetite and digestive processes. not need in the diet

Celery Pomace-the dry or pulpy residue of material resulting after the celery has been pressed or extracted. may contain pesticides found on the skin of fruit/vegetable.not needed in the diet

Cellulose Gum-thickening agent from plant cell walls. loose bowel movements. not need in the diet

Cellulose-a structural component of most plants typically used in weight management, diabetes and hair ball control diets, anti caking agent. not needed in the diet

Chelated Minerals-are minerals that are chemically combined with amino acids making mineral absorption easier. available in all meats, bone and organs

Chia Seed-edible seed containing omega-3 fatty acids, carbohydrates, protein, fiber, antioxidants, and calcium. constipation and hard stools, diarrhea, bloating and excessive intestinal gas. not needed in the diet

Chicory Inulin-an commerically created alternative sweetener considered a prebiotic and energy source for colon cells. weight loss, drug interactions with some cardiac medications. not needed in the diet

Chicory Pulp-a fungicide. not need in the diet

Cholecalciferol-Vitamin D3. elevations in phosphorus and calcium, tissue hardening in kidneys, intestines and heart. liver, salmon, mackerel, egg yolks, beef

Choline Bitartrate-form of choline a vitamin B family nutrient. can cause stomach upset incluidng pain, diarrhea and vomiting. shrimp, eggs, chicken, turkey, tuna, cod, salmon, beef

Choline Chloride 60-is a powder of Choline Chloride exclusively for pet food. is excess sweating, a fishy body odor, gastrointestinal distress, diarrhea, and vomiting. eggs, liver

Choline Chloride- source of choline which is essential for the fat layers in cell membranes, components of specfici neurotransmitters and fat utilization. shrimp, eggs, chicken, turkey, tuna, cod, salmon, beef

Chondroitin Sulfate-aid in joint protection and cartilage production. animal cartilage

Citric Acid-natural preservative and antioxidant can cause abdominal pain, attacks metal, tooth erosion. not needed in the diet

Citrus Fiber-orange pulp and peel, source of fiber. diarrhea, gas, and loose stools. not needed in the diet

Cobalt Amino Acid Chelate-are minerals that are chemically combined with amino acids making mineral absorption easier. fish, poultry, red meat, eggs

Cobalt Amino Acid Complex-the result from from complexing a soluble metal salt with a specific amino acid meat, liver, kidneys, oysters, mussels, fish

Cobalt Carbonate-source of cobalt. skin irritation. fish, poultry, red meat, eggs

Cobalt Glucoheptonate-source of cobalt. fish, poultry, red meat, eggs

Cobalt Proteinate-result of colbalt combined with amino acids, source of cobalt. fish, poultry, red meat, eggs

Copper Amino Acid Chelate-are minerals that are chemically combined with amino acids making mineral absorption easier stomach pain, diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, difficulty concentrating, unexplained sleepiness, mood swings, dizziness, and muscle aches. May cause zinc levels to become unbalanced. Can cause fluctuations in blood sugar level in diabetics. shellfish, organ meats (liver and kidney), veal, beef

Copper Amino Acid Complex-a source of copper where a metal ion is combined with an amino acid. stomach pain, diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, difficulty concentrating, unexplained sleepiness, mood swings, dizziness, and muscle aches. May cause zinc levels to become unbalanced. Can cause fluctuations in blood sugar level in diabetics. shellfish, organ meats (liver and kidney), veal, beef

Copper Glycine Complex-complex of copper with the essential amino acid glycine. stomach pain, diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, difficulty concentrating, unexplained sleepiness, mood swings, dizziness, and muscle aches. May cause zinc levels to become unbalanced. Can cause fluctuations in blood sugar level in diabetics. shellfish, organ meats (liver and kidney), veal, beef

Copper Lysine Complex-complex of copper with the essential amino acid lysine. shellfish, organ meats (liver and kidney), veal, beef

Copper Polysaccharide Complex-a complex made of a soluble salt with a polysaccharide solution meat, liver, kidneys, oysters, mussels, fish

Copper Proteinate-are minerals that are chemically combined with amino acids making mineral absorption easier. shellfish, organ meats (liver and kidney), veal, beef

Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate-sulfate salt of copper, source of copper. According to the CDC abdominal pain Nausea. Vomiting. Diarrhoea. Shock or collapse, kidney, hemolytic anemia, kidney damage liver damage. organ meats (liver, kidney)

Copper Sulfate-a synthetic source of copper which is essential for enzyme formation, blood cell creation, color/pigmentation, nervous seem function. According to the CDC abdominal pain Nausea. Vomiting. Diarrhoea. Shock or collapse, kidney, hemolytic anemia, kidney damage liver damage. organ meats (liver, kidney)

Cranberry Fiber-fibrous pulp of the cranberry that. includes flesh and skin not needed in the diet

Cranberry Meal-cranberries in which the moisture has been removed and is ground into a fine powder. Usually thought to aid the urinary tract. diahrrea, digestive upset, kidney stones, inflammation of the stomach lining. not need in the diet

cultured wheya source of copper. According to the CDC abdominal pain Nausea. Vomiting. Diarrhoea. Shock or collapse, kidney, hemolytic anemia, kidney damage liver damage. shellfish, organ meats (liver and kidney), veal, beef

Cupric Sulphate Pentahydrate-a source of copper. increased bowel movements, nausea, thirst, bloating, cramps, reduced appetite, tiredness. shellfish, organ meats (liver and kidney), veal, beef

Cyanocobalamin-form of B-12. cautionf or those with blood and heart disorders, history of cancer, gastro problems. liver, fish, red meats, eggs, chicken

Cysteine-an amino acid. stomach pain and diarrhea. beef, lamb, chicken, turkey, pork, fish,eggs

d-a-tocopheryl Acetate- vitamin E. stomach irritation, appetite loss, nausea, diarrhea. egg yolks, fish, liver, kidney

D-Activated Animal Sterol- a synthetic version of Vitamin D which is the end product that normally occurs when animals go outside in the sun made by UV radiation treatments. fatty fish, liver, egg yolk

d-alpha tocopherol-source of vitamin E and used to preserve fat. in excess decreased blood clotting. Do not give if heart disease or diabetes, may increase chances of stroke. liver, brain, kidney, fish, egg, bison

D-Calcium Pantothenate-see Calcium Pantothenate. stomach irritation, appetite loss, nausea, diarrhea. egg yolks, fish, liver,kidney

d-pantothenic acid-vitamins B5. gastrointestinal issues. egg yolks, fish, liver, kidney

Dandelion-steams, leaves and flowers, inexpensive source of essential vitamins A, C, K, D, and B complex also a source of minerals such as iron, manganese, and potassium. Can cause stomach discomfort and allergic reactions. not needed in the diet

Deflourinated Tricalcium Phosphate-source of phosphorus and calcium. nausea, vomitting, decreased appetite, constipation, dry mouth and increase thirst, increased urination

Dextrose-source of vitamin E and used to preserve fat. do not us on diabetics, increases blood sugar (hyperglycemia), increases fat storeage, hypoglycemia. liver, brain, kidney, fish, egg, bison

Dicalcium Phosphate- an ingredient that adds texture to pet foods. According to the NIH nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, constipation, stomach pain, thirst, dry mouth and increased urination. Can increase symptoms of diarrhea, parathyroid disease, lung disease, kidney stones or other stomach-related problems. not needed in the diet

DL-alpha tocopherol acetate-cheaper synthetic vitamin E. Vitamin E is required as antioxidant, immune system booster, aid in red blood cell formation and help the body utilize vitamin k. in excess decreased blood clotting. Do not give if heart disease or diabetes, may increase chances of stroke. liver, brain, kidney, fish, egg, bison

DL-methionine-synthetic version of methionine which is important for skin and coat, as well as heart and eye health. It is also a precursor to important amino acids. Vomitting, diahrrea, loss of appetite, Heinz body anemia in cats. Should not be given to animals with liver, pancreatic or kidney disease, or those with urate kidney or bladder stones. fish, tukey, pork, lamb, beed, shellfish, eggs

Dried _____ fermentation extract-a fungus (named in the ingredient blank), fermented to produce an enzyme aiding in digestion and is considered a probiotic supplement. not needed in the diet

Dried Aspergillus Niger Fermentation Extract-an enzyme resulting from extracting and precipitating the water-soluble materials from a fermentation process, digestive aid. not needed in the diet

Dried Aspergillus Oryzae Fermentation Product-an enzyme resulting from extracting and precipitating the water-soluble materials from a fermentation process, digestive aid. not needed in the diet

Dried Bacillus Coagulans Fermentation product-direct-fed microorganism (probiotic) that enhances digestive health. not needed in the diet

Dried Bacillus Licheniformis Fermentation Product-an enzyme resulting from extracting and precipitating the water-soluble materials from a fermentation process, digestive aid. not needed in the diet.

Dried Bacillus Subtilis Fermentation Extract-an enzyme resulting from extracting and precipitating the water-soluble materials from a fermentation process, digestive aid. not needed in the diet

Dried Bifidobacterium Longum Fermentation Product-an enzyme resulting from extracting and precipitating the water-soluble materials from a fermentation process, digestive aid. not needed in the diet

Dried Bifidobacterium Thermophilum Fermentation Product-an enzyme resulting from extracting and precipitating the water-soluble materials from a fermentation process, digestive aid. not needed in the diet

Dried Enterococcus Faecium Fermentation Product-an enzyme resulting from extracting and precipitating the water-soluble materials from a fermentation process, digestive aid.not needed in the diet

Dried Ground Fenugreek-a seed common in indian food it aids in digestion, skin and coat ingreity. It is also a flavor enhancer and source of several vitamins and minerals. safe in medicinl amounts up to 6 months Side effects can include diarrhea, stomach upset, bloating, gas, and a "maple syrup" odor in urine. Can cause nasal congestion, coughing, wheezing, facial swelling, and severe allergic reactions in some, may lower blood sugar. not needed in the diet

Dried Lactobacillus Acidophilus Fermentation Product-an enzyme resulting from extracting and precipitating the water-soluble materials from a fermentation process, digestive aid. not needed in the diet

Dried Lactobacillus Casei Fermentation Product-an enzyme resulting from extracting and precipitating the water-soluble materials from a fermentation process, digestive aid. not needed in the diet

Dried Lactobacillus Helveticus Fermentation product-an enzyme resulting from extracting and precipitating the water-soluble materials from a fermentation process, digestive aid. not needed in the diet

Dried Lactobacillus Lactis Fermentation Product-an enzyme resulting from extracting and precipitating the water-soluble materials from a fermentation process, digestive aid. not needed in the diet

Dried Lactobacillus Plantarum Fermentation Product-an enzyme resulting from extracting and precipitating the water-soluble materials from a fermentation process, digestive aid. not needed in the diet

Dried Pediococcus Acidilactici Fermentation Product-an enzyme resulting from extracting and precipitating the water-soluble materials from a fermentation process, digestive aid. not needed in the diet

Dried Trichoderma Longibrachiatum Fermentation Extract-an enzyme resulting from extracting and precipitating the water-soluble materials from a fermentation process, digestive aid. not needed in the diet

Dried Trichoderma ReeseI-an enzyme resulting from extracting and precipitating the water-soluble materials from a fermentation process, digestive aid. not needed in the diet.

Dried Whey Protein Concentrate-a dry diary product contain 25% or more protein. increased bowel movements, nausea, thirst, bloating, cramps, reduced appetite, tiredness (fatigue). not needed in the diet

Dulse-red edible seaweed high in iodine as well as calcium, magnesium, potatssim, iron, manganese, zinc and many vitamins. avoid with hyperthyroidism. not needed in the diet

Durum Semolina -a type of wheat. contains gluten,abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea or constipation, as well as joint pain. not needed in the diet

Enterococcus faecium fermentation product-an enzyme resulting from extracting and precipitating the water-soluble materials from a fermentation process, digestive aid. not needed in the diet

Ergocalciferol-vitamin D2. nausea/vomiting, constipation, loss of appetite, increased thirst, increased urination, mental/mood changes, unusual tiredness. liver, salmon, mackerel, egg yolks, beef

Erythorbic Acid-form of ascorbic acid. diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, headache, chest tightness and loss of breath.liver, kidney, heart, fish

Ethylenediamine Dihydriodide- iodine supplement. stomach upset, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, skin rash and salivary gland swelling, numbness, pain or weakness in hands or feet, unusual fatigue, weakness or heaviness of legs, fever, and edema of neck or throat. Thyroid adenoma. fish, poultry, egg

Fenugreek-a seed common in indian food it aids in digestion, skin and coat ingreity. It is also a flavor enhancer and source of several vitamins and minerals. safe in medicinl amounts up to 6 months Side effects can include diarrhea, stomach upset, bloating, gas, and a "maple syrup" odor in urine. Can cause nasal congestion, coughing, wheezing, facial swelling, and severe allergic reactions in some, may lower blood sugar. not needed in the diet

Fermented Decaffeinated Green Tea-fermenting sweet tea with a culture of yeast and bacteria. can cause stomach upset and constipation, can reduce absorption of iron, may make anemia worse, may increase anxiety, increase risk of bleeding, may affect blood sugar, increase pressure in the eyes, increase the amount of calcium flushed form the body and in rare cases liver problems. fish, poultry, egg

Ferrous Glycine Complex-source of iron. chicken, fish, beef, lamb

Ferrous Sulfate monohydrate-iron supplement. May cause upset stomach and constipation as well as staining of the teeth. chicken, fish, beef, lamb

Ferrous Sulfate-an iron supplement. Iron is important for production of red blood cells, digestion and immune system support. may cause upset stomach and constipation as well as staining of the teeth. liver, shellfish, beef, sardines, turkey, chicken, veal

Ferrous Sulphate Monohydrate-an iron supplement. Iron is important for production of red blood cells, digestion and immune system support. may cause upset stomach and constipation as well as staining of the teeth. chicken, fish, beef, lamb

Folic Acid Supplement-a synthetic version of Vitamin B9, used for proper brain function, taken long term abdominal cramps, diarrhea, rash, irritability, confusion, nausea, stomach upset, behavior changes, skin reactions, seizures, gas, excitability. Liver, rabbit, chicken, turkey, pork, lamb, goat, ostrich, buffalo, egg, beef, salmon, halibut, haddock, sardine

Folic Acid-a synthetic version of Vitamin B9, taken long term abdominal cramps, diarrhea, rash, irritability, confusion, nausea, stomach upset, behavior changes, skin reactions, seizures, gas, excitability. Liver, rabbit, chicken, turkey, pork, lamb, goat, ostrich, buffalo, egg, beef, salmon, halibut, haddock, sardine

Fructooligosaccharides-an commerically created alternative sweetener considered a prebiotic and energy source for colon cells. ntestinal gas (flatulence), intestinal noises, bloating, stomach cramps, and diarrhea. not needed in the diet

Gelatin-source of protien from amixture of protiens and amini acid compounds. It contains glycine and can prevent seizures, inflammation and supports skin, coat cell growth etc. bloating, burping, potential contamination depending on animal source. not needed in the diet

Gizzard-a muscular, thick-walled part of a bird's stomach for grinding food, typically with grit. poultry

Glucosamine Hydrochloride-aid in joint protection. safe up to two years gas, bloating, and cramps. Many commerical sources contain elevated manganese levels. animal cartilage

Glycerin-a binder, sweetener and mold preventative. diarrhea; gas; nausea; stomach cramps. not needed in the diet

Glycerol Monostearate-an emulsifying agent. not needed in the diet

Glycine-an Amino Acid used to sweeten pet foods and mask bitter and sour tastes. nausea, vomiting, stomach upset, and drowsiness. pork, chicken, ostrich, fish, veal, bison

Grape Seed Extract-source of omega 6, anti inflammatory and antioxidant. itchiness, nausea, may cause issues with bleeding disorders or high blood pressure. not needed in the diet

Green Lipped Mussel-a shellfish used as an anti-inflammatory. diarrhea, nausea, and intestinal gas, can cause liver damage in rare case. Green Lipped Mussel

Green Tea Extract-a product of green tea leaves used as an antioxidant. toxicity can occur at low doses, can reduce iron absorption, liver problems in some cases. not needed in the diet

Ground Whole Grain Sorghum-a grain that boosts protien levels in pet food. It does contain iron, phosphorus and B vitamins. Not needed in the diet

Guar Gum-a thickening ingredient found in guar beans, too also improve shelf life of food. It's primarily benefits include blood sugar stablization and benefits that fiber provide. gas production, diarrhea, and loose stools, may lower blood sugar and blood pressure. not needed in the diet

Hemicellulose Extract-a syrup like wood chip byproduct. Not needed in the diet.

Hydrochloric Acid-highly crrosve strong mineral acid, found in the stomach to break food down moderate acute toxicity. not needed in the diet

Inositol-aka Vitamin B8. Necessary for glycogen for energy, activates energy for the muscles and contributes to nerve impulses. nausea, tiredness, and dizziness. liver, eggs, fish, organ meat

Inulin-* see Fructooligosaccharides. bloating, abdominal cramping, loose stool, gas, more frequent waste. not needed in the diet

Iodine Iodate-source of iodine. cod, tuna, turkey breast, eggs

Iron Amino Acid Chelate-are minerals that are chemically combined with amino acids making mineral absorption easier. Constipation, diarrhea, stomach cramps, or upset stomach may occur. liver, shellfish, beef, sardines, turkey, chicken, veal

Iron Amino Acid Complex-source of iron see iron amino acid chelate. liver, shellfish, beef, sardines, turkey, chicken, veal

Iron Polysaccharide Complex-a complex made of a soluble salt with a polysaccharide solution. can cause constipation, upset stomach, vomitting, irregular heartbeat, seizures, drowsiness, allergic reaction. liver, shellfish, beef, sardines, turkey, chicken, veal

Iron Proteinate- source of iron see iron amino acid chelate. Constipation; darkened or green stools; diarrhea; loss of appetite; nausea; stomach cramps, pain, or upset; vomiting. liver, shellfish, beef, sardines, turkey, chicken, veal

Iron Sulfate-an iron supplement. Iron is important for production of red blood cells, digestion and immune system support. may cause upset stomach and constipation as well as staining of the teeth. liver, shellfish, beef, sardines, turkey, chicken, veal

L-Arginine-an amino acid essential in proiten production. It also aids in heart health and circulation, wound healing, hormone function and best waste processing in the kidneys. abdominal pain and bloating, diarrhea, and gout, may worsen asthma. turkey breast, pork loin, chicken, tuna, salmon

L-Ascorbyl-2-Polyphosphate-aka Vitamin C which aids in immunity. not needed in the diet

L-Carnitine-a combination of lysine and methinine. Important for the metabolism of fat, helps with proper cardiac function and acts as an antioxidant. can cause nausea, vomiting, stomach upset, diarrhea, and seizures. Can also cause the urine and breath to have a "fishy" odor. red meat, chicken, shrimp pork

L-Lysine Monohydrochloride-another version of the amino acid Lysine. beef, turkey, chicken, pork, fish, egg

L-Lysine-an amino acid important for protien production. It is important also for preventing viruses associated with respiratory issues. stomach pain and diarrhea. beef, lamb, turkey, chicken, pork, tuna, shrimp, eggs

L-Theonine-amino acid. stomach upset, headache, nausea, and skin rash. pork, chicken, liver, fish, eggs

L-Tryptophan-an amino acid essential for serotonin and melatonin production which aids in sleep and stress relief. neuorlogical problems, stomach pain, belching and gas, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and loss of appetite. It can also cause drowsiness, dry mouth, muscle weakness, and sexual problems. fish, poultry, eggs

L-Tyrosine-an amino acid essential for stress resilence including hormone production via the thyriod of adrenaline. nausea, headache, fatigue, heartburn, and joint pain. Do not use in those with hyperthyroidism. egg whites, salmon, turkey breast, pork sirloin, chicken breast, tuna, crab

Lactic Acid-a product made in the musckes after vigorus exercise in pets foods to reduce microbial growth. can cause Sore throat. Burning sensation. Abdominal pain. Abdominal cramps. Nausea. Vomiting. nothing species appropriate, cats and dogs can produce it

Lactobacillus acidophilus-a probiotic that aids in digestion and relieving digstive related issues as well as allergies. not needed in the diet

Lactobacillus Plantarum Fermentation Product Dehydrated-an enzyme resulting from extracting and precipitating the water-soluble materials from a fermentation process, digestive aid. not needed in the diet

Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Fermentation Product Dehydrated-an enzyme resulting from extracting and precipitating the water-soluble materials from a fermentation process, digestive aid. not needed in the diet

Lecithin-emulsifier, moiturizer and preservative to prevent fats from separating, likely contains pesticides and chemcials as well as GMOs, cognitive impairment not needed in the diet

Linseed Meal-by product from extracting oil from flaxseed. bloating, gas, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, stomachache, and nausea, can slow clotting,lower blood sugar. not needed in the diet

Locust Bean Gum-thickening and gelling agent. gas. not needed in the diet

Locust Bean-thickening and gelling agent. not needed in the diet

Magnesium Chelate-are minerals that are chemically combined with amino acids making mineral absorption easier. miarrhea, nausea, stomach pain, upset stomach, (more severe) depression, feeling tired or irritable. eggs, fish, beef, lamb, chicken, turkey, rabbit, veal, tripe

Magnesium Stearate--lubricant, emulsifier, binding agent, release agent

Magnesium Sulfate-source of magnesium. mental status changes, vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, hypotension, acute hepatic and renal failure, metabolic acidosis, multiorgan system failure and death. eggs, fish, beef, lamb, chicken, turkey, rabbit, veal, tripe

Maltodextrin-Artificial sugar. increases blood sugar, supresses growth of probiotics, made from GMO corn. not needed in the diet

Manganese Glycine Complex-source of manganese. do not use in those with liver disease, iron deficiency. fish, egg, poultry, beef, pork

Manganese Amino Acid Chelate-are minerals that are chemically combined with amino acids making mineral absorption easier. diarrhea, nausea, stomach pain, pset stomach, (more severe) depression, feeling tired or irritable. fish egg, poultry, beef, pork

Manganese Gluconate-source of manganese made from salt of manganese combined with gluconic acid. in excess chemical imbalance, anxiety, pset stomach, nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting, interfere with nutrient absorption. fish, egg, poultry, beef, pork

Manganese Polysaccharide Complex-a complex made of a soluble salt with a polysaccharide solution. fish, egg, poultry, beef, pork

Manganese Proteinate-source of manganese. do not use in those with liver disease, iron deficiency fish, egg, poultry, beef, pork

Manganese Sulfate Monohydrate-source of manganese. mental status changes, vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, hypotension, acute hepatic and renal failure, metabolic acidosis, multiorgan system failure and death. fish, egg, poultry, beef, pork

Manganese Sulfate-a cobination of manganese and sulfur used as a source of manganese to prevent manganese deficiency. mental status changes, vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, hypotension, acute hepatic and renal failure, metabolic acidosis, multiorgan system failure and death. fish, egg, poultry, beef, pork

Manganese-essential mineral. not for those with iron deficiency or liver disease, may cause tremors. fish, egg, poultry, beef, pork

Manganous Oxide-Oxide form of manganese may cause abdominal pain and nausea, reproductive and developmental concerns. fish, egg, poultry, beef, pork

Manganous Proteinate-Oxide form of manganese. do not use in those with liver disease, iron deficiency. fish, egg, poultry, beef, pork

Marigold Extract-anti-microbial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. not needed in the diet

Medium-Chain Triglyceride- vegetable oil source of fat typically from cocoanut or kernel oils. diarrhea, vomiting, irritability, nausea, stomach discomfort, intestinal gas, essential fatty acid deficiency. not needed in the diet

Menadione Sodium Bisulfite complex-synthetic Vitamin K that often is reported as cancer causing as well as lung, kidney and liver toxicity. toxic to liver cells, weak immune system, anemia, skin/mouscus membrane irritation, mutagenic. beef, pork, duck, goose, chicken liver

Millet-cereal plant used for grains and alcoholic beverages. may cause goitrogens , hypothyroidism. not needed in the diet

Mixed Tocopherols-a natural preservative often made of vitamin E. in excess decreased blood clotting. Do not give if heart disease or diabetes, may increase chances of stroke. liver, brain, kidney, fish, egg, bison

Monocalcium Phosphate-synthetic form of calcium. may lead to renal disease, blood vessel damage.canned fishes, egg, cod, turkey

Montmorillonite Clay-a trace mineral clay as an anti caking agent Dioxin Accumulation, immunosuppression, affect fertility, cancer. not needed in the diet

New Zealand Green Mussel-a shellfish used as an anti-inflammatory. diarrhea, nausea, and intestinal gas, can cause liver damage in rare case. not needed in the diet

New Zealand Green-Lipped Mussel-a large mussel used often for it's anti-inflammatory. diarrhea, nausea, and intestinal gas, can cause liver damage in rare case. Green Lipped Mussel

Niacin Supplement-synthetic Vitamin B3 for circulatory and skin health, increasing energy and help with digestion. in excess itchy, dry skin, upset tummy.poultry, pork, lamb, bison, egg, beef, fish

Niacin-synthetic Vitamin B3 for circulatory and skin health, increasing energy and help with digestion. in excess itchy, dry skin, upset tummy. poultry, pork, lamb, bison, egg, beef, fish

Niacinamide-source of Vitamin B3. in excess itchy, dry skin, upset tummy.poultry, pork, lamb, bison, egg, beef, fish

Nicotinic Acid-a vitamin B supplement for niacin loss of appetite, stomach pain, yellowing of eyes or skin, diahrrea, cough. chicken, tuna, veal, turkey, organ meats

Oat Groats-hulled kernels of oats that include the cereal germ and fiber-rich bran portion of the grain as well as the endosperm instestinal gas and bloating. not needed in the diet

Organic Glandular Supplements-supplements made from a variety of animals organs and tissues to aid the corresponding organ. nausea and vomiting, promotes testosterone growth including in females can increase irritability, anxiety and restlessness

Organic Kamut-an ancient wheat like grain. contains gluten. not needed in the diet

Organic Spelt-an ancient wheat like grain. contains gluten. not needed in the diet

Papain-protein-digesting enzyme obtained from unripe papaya fruit, used to tenderize meat and as a food supplement to aid digestion. potential throat damage, reported severe allergic reactions, increase bleeding in those with blood disorders. not needed in the diet

Phosphoric Acid-a chemical addictive to maintain urinary pH can lower bone density, triggers kidney problems, decrease calcium levels, damages tissues. not needed in the diet

Porcine Plasma-pig blood with red blood cells removed. Pork blood (and other animals)

Potassium Bicarbonate-source of potassium

Potassium Chloride-a salt made of potassium and chloride, source of potassium

Potassium Iodate-add iodine to salt and used to protect against radiation. potential digestive irritant. cod, tuna, turkey breast, eggs

Powdered Cellulose-minuscule pieces of wood pulp or other plant fibers. not needed in the diet

Propylene Glycol-a key component in antifreeze, although banned in cat food but is still included in dog food to preserve moisture content. toxicity to liver and kidneys, neurological problems, carviovascular problems, potentially bioaccumlative, in cats decreased activity, mental depression, and slight to moderate ataxia. not needed in the diet

Proteinated Minerals- product of chelation of salt and amino acids see chelated minerals. available in all meats, bone and organs

Psyllium Husk Powder-a source of fiber made of a powdered form of a portion of the seed from the Plantar ovate. gas, stomach cramps, not needed in the diet

Psyllium Seed Husk-portions of the seeds of the plant Plantago ovata Gas or stomach cramping, may cause chocking if not given with 8 oz of water. not needed in the diet

Pyridoxine HCL-a synthetic form of vitamin B6 important for the metabolism of protiens into amino acids, the production of blood cells and neurotransmitters. may cause nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, loss of appetite, sleepiness. liver, heart, kidney, rabbit, poultry, pork, lamb, egg, beef, fish

Pyridoxine Hydrochloride-a synthetic form of vitamin B6 important for the metabolism of protiens into amino acids, the production of blood cells and neurotransmitters. may cause nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, loss of appetite, sleepiness. liver, heart, kidney, rabbit, poultry, pork, lamb, egg, beef, fish

Pyridoxine-Vitamin B6, important for metabolizing fatty acids. nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, loss of appetite, headache, sleepiness. tuna, salmon, turkey, chicken, pork, beef

Riboflavin Supplement-a synthetic version Vitamin B2 essential for producing red blood cells and anitbodies, maintain muscous membranes and absorption of other vitamins and minerals. increase in blood, tissue, and urine levels of free riboflavin, liver and cell damage. beef, lamb, mackerel, eggs, pork

Riboflavin-a synthetic version Vitamin B2 essential for producing red blood cells and anitbodies, maintain muscous membranes and absorption of other vitamins and minerals. increase in blood, tissue, and urine levels of free riboflavin, liver and cell damage. beef, lamb, mackerel, eggs, pork

Rose Hips-Vitamin C source, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, stomach cramps, fatigue. not needed in the diet

Rosemary extract-natural anti-oxidant and preservative Seizures. not needed in the diet

Sage Extract-natural preservative. restlessness, vomiting, vertigo, rapid heart rate, tremors, seizures, and kidney damage. not needed in the diet

Selenised Yeast Inactivated-source of selenium produced by fermenting yeast in selenium, may increae the risk of diabetes, can make hypothyroidism and autoimmune dseases worse. Vomiting, nausea and a drop in energy. fish, turkey, liver, beef, chicken, eggs

Selenium Yeast-source of selenium produced by fermenting yeast in selenium, may increae the risk of diabetes, can make hypothyroidism and autoimmune dseases worse. Vomiting, nausea and a drop in energy. fish, turkey, liver, beef, chicken, eggs

Silicon Dioxide-aka silica used as an anti caking agent, can allow harmful substances into the brain. Autoimmune and kidney disease. not needed in the diet

Sodium Alginate-thickening agent. bloating, diarrhea and nausea. not needed in the diet

Sodium Ascorbate-form of Vitamin C. Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps/pain. cats and dogs make this themselves

Sodium Bisulfate-an acid salt. not need in the diet

Sodium Carbonate-acidity regulator, anticaking agent, raising agent, and stabilizer but also used to make glass, soap and remove skin and flesh for taxidermist use. frquent urination, loss of appetite, mood changes, muscle pain or tiwtiching, nausea, vomitting, restlessness, slowed breathing. not needed in the diet

Sodium Caseinate- texturizer. not intended to be consumed in large amount, cancer, respiratory problems, more susceptible to hay fever, asthma, bronchitis, sinusitis, colds, runny noses, ear infections and the common allergy to dairy. not needed in the diet

Sodium Hexametaphosphate-an addictive important for stablizing the food, adding texture which has been reported to cause swollen kidneys, bone decalicification, skin irritation, and cancer. respiratory irriatation, allergic reaction, pancreatic cancer. not needed in the diet

Sodium Nitrite-preservative, antibacterial and color enhancer. abdominal pain, anxiety, confusion, hives, itching, redness of the skin. not needed in the diet

Sodium Phosphate Monobasic-a laxative, considered a hazardous substance by OSHA, vomiting, tiredness, fever, diarrhea, low blood pressure, slow pulse, cyanosis, spasms of the wrist, coma and severe body spasms.not needed in the diet

Sodium Propionate-a chemical preservative that is toxic to mold and bacteria

Sodium Selenite F-5302-source of selenium. bodily harm. fish, turkey, liver, beef, chicken, eggs

Sodium Selenite-aka Vitmin B2 for red blood cell production, growth and reproduction. bodily harm. Liver, heart, kidney, rabbit, chicken, turkey, pork, lamb, goat, ostrich, buffalo, egg, beef, salmon, halibut, haddock, sardine

Sodium Silico Aluminate-synthetically produced anti caking additive. contain alumninum know to contribute to brain disorders. not needed in the diet

Sodium Tripolyphosphate-preservative as well as an oral health product. suspected neurotoxin, internal inflammation. not needed in the diet

Sorbic Acid-chemicial preservative to prevent mold and bacterial growth. potential for abdominal pain. not needed in the diet

Soy Protein Isolate-protien isolated from the soybean Natural but extracted with acid washes assumed safe up to 6 months constipation, bloating, and nausea.not needed in the diet

Spearmint extract-flavor enhancer may increase preexisiting kindey and liver damage. not needed in the diet

Spinach Pomace-the dry or pulpy residue of material resulting after the spinach has been pressed or extracted may contain pesticides found on the skin of fruit/vegetable. not needed in the diet

Spirulina-an algae containing lots of trace nutrients, it contaminated or low quaility: liver damage, stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, weakness, thirst, rapid heartbeat, shock, and death. Liver, heart, kidney, rabbit, chicken, turkey, pork, lamb, goat, ostrich, buffalo, egg, beef, salmon, halibut, haddock, sardine

Summer Savory-a botanical herb. may slow blood clotting, may cause skin problems. not needed in the diet

Tapioca Starch-starchy flour make from the cassava plant often as a thickening agent potential cyanide poisoning if poorly prepared.not needed in the diet

Tapioca-inferior starch sources used to replace carbohydrates in grain free pet foods. potential cyanide poisoning if poorly prepared. not needed in the diet

Taurine-an amino acid essential to cats for porper eye and heart health, excess can result in negative nitrogen balance and kidney strain. chicken, beef liver, chicken liver, shrimp

Tetra Sodium Pyrophosphate-emulsifier to increase palatability low lethal human dose, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. not needed in the diet

Thiamin-vitamin B1 for nervous system and muscle function. nausea, feeling warm, rash or itching, restless, coughing up blood or vomit. liver, rabbit, poultry, pork, lamb, bison, egg, beef, fish

Thiamine Monohydrate-source of Vitamin B1. liver, rabbit, poutrly, pork, lamb, bison, egg, beef, fish

Thiamine Mononitrate-a form of thiamin or Vitamin B1 fats soluable, fat accumalation in liver= liver damage, cellular death. liver, rabbit, poutrly, pork, lamb, bison, egg, beef, fish

Titanium Dioxide-an addicitive to thicken foods and a white coloring agent. potential carcinogen, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation. not needed in the diet

Tocopherols-compounds that compose vitamin E often used as a fat preservative, in excess decreased blood clotting. Do not give if heart disease or diabetes, may increase chances of stroke. liver, brain, kidney, fish, egg, bison

Tomato Pomace-the pulpy remains after pressing for juice including skin, pulp, seeds and stems. The skin can hold pesticides and makes up most of the pomace, may contain pesticides sprayed ont eh skin of fruits/veggiesnot needed in the diet

Tricalcium Phosphate-a supplement in which calcium binds to phosphorus to act as a firming agent and to maintain alkaline/acid balance, digestive upset, vomiting, diarrhea, nausea and abdominal cramping

Tripe-first or second stomach of a cow or other ruminant used as food stomach of ruminant animals like beef and lamb

Turmeric-an indian spice know for antiinflammatory, antioxidant and other beneficial properties. may decrease blood sugar, may slow blood clotting, may reduce fertilitiy in males, can prevent the absorption of iron. not needed in the diet

Vegetable Glycerin-a binder, preservative, and a sweetener. diarrhea, excessive urination and dehydration, nausea, vomiting not needed in the diet

Vegetable Pomaces-the pulpy remains after pressing for juice including skin, pulp, seeds and stems. The skin can hold pesticides and makes up most of the pomace. may contain pesticides that were sprayed on the skins of the fruits/veggies.not needed in the diet

Vitamin A Acetate-form of vitamin A banned in cosmetics in Germany, interfere with cellular signaling, cause mutations, lead to cell death and may be implicated in cardiovascular disease. Tumor formation at low doses. chicken, pork, egg, fish, liver, kidney, brain

Vitamin A Palmitate-source of vitamin A. caution for those with blood and heart disorders, history of cancer, gastro problems liver, heart, kidney, rabbit, poultry, pork lamb, bison, egg, fish

Vitamin B12 Supplement-a vitamin in the B family needed for cognitive function. caution for those with blood and heart disorders, history of cancer, gastro problems. liver, heart, kidney, rabbit, poultry, pork lamb, bison, egg, fish

Vitamin B12-a vitamin in the B family needed for cognitive function cautionf or those with blood and heart disorders, history of cancer, gastro problems liver, heart, kidney, rabbit, poultry, pork lamb, bison, egg, fish

Vitamin D2 source of vitamin D, caution for those with blood and heart disorders, nausea/vomiting, constipation, loss of appetite, increased thirst, increased urination, mental/mood changes, unusual tiredness. liver, salmon, mackerel, egg yolks, beef

Vitamin D3 supplement-aka Vitamin D aids in uptake of calcium and helps to prevent muslce weakness, diabetes, heart issues and skin conditions. elevations in phosphorus and calcium, tissue hardening in kidneys, intestines and heart. liver, salmon, mackerel, egg yolks, beef

Vitamin E Acetate-a form of Vitamin E often used as an antioxidant. in excess decreased blood clotting. Do not give if heart disease or diabetes, may increase chances of stroke. liver, brain, kidney, fish, egg, bison

Vitamin K1-Vitamin K needed for clotting blood. can lower blood sugar. naturally made in the intestines

Watercress Pomace-the dry or pulpy residue of material resulting after the watercress has been pressed or extracted may contain pesticides found on the skin of fruit/vegetable. not needed in the diet

Xanthan Gum-thickening anf emulsifying agent. intestinal gas (flatulence) and bloating, might lower blood sugar levels. not needed in the diet

Yucca Extract-added to reduce fecal odor and may reduce joint pain, hemolysis (burst of red blood cells), and overdose may cause loose stool and bleeding. liver, salmon, mackerel, egg yolks, beef

Yucca schidigera extract-a natural herbal plant known ato have nti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory properties, reduce stool smell hemolysis, loose stool and bleeding. not needed in the diet

Zealand Green-Lipped Mussel-a shellfish used as an anti-inflammatory. diarrhea, nausea, and intestinal gas, can cause liver damage in rare case. Green Lipped Mussel

Zinc Amino Acid Chelate-the binding of a substance that enhances zinc absorption to zinc although rare…illness of digestive system, dcreased white blood cells, anermia, feeling of vomiting, indigestion, cramps. rabbit, poultry, pork, lamb, bison, egg, beef, fish

Zinc Amino Acid Complex-a source of zinc where a metal ion is combined with an amino acid. abdominal discomfort, constipation, diarrhea. rabbit, poultry, pork, lamb, bison, egg, beef, fish

Zinc Glycine Complex-source of zinc. nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, kidney and stomach damage, can decrease copper absorption. rabbit, poultry, pork, lamb, bison, egg, beef, fish

Zinc Methionine-a source of zinc, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, kidney and stomach damage, can decrease copper absorption. rabbit, poultry, pork, lamb, bison, egg, beef, fish

Zinc Oxide-a source of zinc, may interact with chemotherapy drugs, diarrhea, kidney problems, lethargy, chills and fever, yellowing of the whites of your eyes. rabbit, poultry, pork, lamb, bison, egg, beef, fish

Zinc Polysaccharide Complex-a complex made of a soluble salt with a polysaccharide solution abdominal discomfort, constipation, diarrhea. rabbit, poultry, pork, lamb, bison, egg, beef, fish

Zinc Proteinate-a supplement resulting from the bond between zinc with an amino acid can damage the intestinal wall, prevent absorption of certain minerals, inhibit production and function of red blood cells. rabbit, poultry, pork, lamb, bison, egg, beef, fish

Zinc Sulfate Heptahydrate-source of zinc. cancer, interferes with hormone function, bioaccumulation. rabbit, poultry, pork, lamb, bison, egg, beef, fish

Zinc Sulfate-a cobination of zinc and sulfur used as a source of zinc to prevent zinc deficiency (not natural) cancer, interferes with hormone function, bioaccumulation. rabbit, poultry, pork, lamb, bison, egg, beef, fish

Zinc Sulphate Monohydrate-a combination of zinc and sulfur used as a source of zinc to prevent zinc deficiency (not natural), cancer, interferes with hormone function, bioaccumulation.rabbit, poultry, prok, lamb, bison, egg, beef, fish

A few notes: Many of these effects are seen in humans, but many things are first tested on animals. Some of these vitamin and mineral supplements may be ok in short term use but not in long term use as in consumption on a daily basis for 10 years Many ingredients especially when giving everyday multiple times a day for many years has a cumulative effect Even if a side effect is NOT noted does not mean one does not exist. Some products have not been fully researched. Many supplements in your pets' food is more than they need to make up for degredation and so the food can be given to all breeds and sizes of dogs this is where the a concern arrises There is added concern for vitamins and mineral supplements that are made in the lab as many contain petroluems and tars or extracted with harsh chemicals

All fruits, veggies and grain heavily tax the pancreas, contribute to inflammtion including cancer, contain lots of sugar which contribute to weight gain and diabetes

Side effects and symptoms may not appear in all animals